Numeral adding or subtracting attachment for type-writing machines



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. D. DAUGHERTY.

NUMERAL ADDING 0R SUBTRAGTING ATTACHMENT FOR TYPE WRITING MACHINES.

No. 517,735. Patented Apr. 3, 1894.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

(No Model.)

J. D. DAUGHERTY. NUMERAL ADDING 0R SUBTRAUTING ATTAUHMENT FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES.

PatentedApr. 3, 1894.

EE5E5 (No Model.) i 3 SheetsSheet V J. D. DAUGHERTY. NUMERAL ADDING 0RSUBTRAGTING ATTAGHMENT FOR TYPE WRITING MAGHINES.

Patented Apr. 3, 1894.

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NNNNNNNNNNNNN o UNtTno STATES PATENT Enron.

JAMES DENNY DAUGHERTY, OF KITTANNING, PENNSYLVANIA.

NUMERAL ADDING 0R SUBTRACTING ATTACHMENT FOR TYPE-WRITING MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 517,735, dated April 3,1894.

Application filed July 5, 1893. Serial No. 479,648 (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J AMES DENNY DAUGH- ERTY, of Kittanning, in thecounty of Armstrong and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Adding and Subtracting Machines; and I dohereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit pertains to make and use it, reference being had to theaccompanying'drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in adding and subtracting machines:the objects of which are, first, to provide a simple adding mechanismcapable of attachment to a typewriting machine, whereby when a number isprinted in either the units, tens, hundreds, column, &c., the numeralprinted will be added by the mechanism, as units, tens, hundreds, 850.,according to the column in which the numeral is being printed, so thatin making out a bill, or in writing columns of figures, the total willshow upon the face of the numeral wheels; second, to so construct themechanism that it is equally adapted for either adding or subtracting;third, to have the adding mechanism move faster than the type-writercarriage which impels it, so that numeral wheels of greater thicknessthan the width of the type or distance traveled by the carriage can beused, to afford more room for large numerals which can be easily read bythe operator; fourth, in the construction and arrangement of themechanism independent of the adaptation thereof to a type-writingmachine.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1, is a front elevation of atype-writer with my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2, is a verticaltransverse sectional View of my invention, showing its relative positionto the upper portion of the frame of the typewriter, and also tothe'keys which operate it. Fig. 3, is an enlargedview showing theconstruction of the connections between the mechanism and the keys ofthe type-writer. Fig. 4, is a perspective view of one of the numeralwheels of my invention. Fig. 5, is a front e1evation,somewhat enlarged,of'the carriage which contains the adding or subtracting mechanism. Fig.6, is a detached enlarged perspective view of the frame for supportingmy invention by attachment thereof to the frame of the typewriter. Fig.7 is a perspective view showing the connection between the computingcarriage and the type writer carriage, and the connection between theregister actuating wheel and the number wheels, and the carryingdevices.

A represents a frame of a type-writer of the Remington class, and B thetraveling paper carriage thereof.

0 is a horizontal plate which is placed between the front verticalstandards of the typewriter frame and secured thereto by the1ongitudinal ears D, through which and the standards of the type-writerclamping bolts pass as shown in Fig. 1. Projecting outwardly from theends of this plate 0 are the ears E, in which the ends of the horizontalcarriage supporting rods F are suitably fastened.

G represents a wheel journaled upon the supporting plate 0, intermediateits ends, by means of a screw or bolt H, which passes through an openingI, made in the said plate 0, and this wheel G, which I may term auniversal power wheel, is provided on its outer face with the cog teetha, and in its peripheral edge are formed the ratchet teeth I). Supportedon the rods F is a rectangular frame J, forming a carriage for carryingthe adding or subtracting mechanism. Passing transversely through theframe J, preferably about its vertical center is a shaft L, upon whichare journaled the numeral wheels K, which form part of the adding andsnbstracting mechanism. Rigidly attached to one side of each of thesenumeral wheels K, is a disk M, provided at its periphery with threeprojections N, for a purpose presently to be de scribed. The peripheryof these numeral wheels K, are provided with the notches O forming cogteeth with flat faces for the reception of the numerals P, as clearlyillustrated in Fig. 4E. Arecess a is cutin the disk M, and pivoted uponthe wheels K within this the upper ends of these levers p, q, arenormally drawn toward each other by means of a suitable spring u.Pivoted intermediate their ends upon these levers are the pawls s, whichhave their upper ends normally drawn toward each other by means of aS13lll1g"tt, by means of which one of the said pawls s, is normally heldin contact with its adjacent numeral wheel as will more fully appearfarther on. There is a lever 19, q, carrying pawls for each of thenumeral wheels and either of these levers are held out of operativeconnection with the numeral wheels by means of a cam t, which will bemore fully described presently. Extending from the upper end of thiscarriage are a series of springs n, which have their lower ends engagelightly the periphery of the numeral wheel to prevent them from beingturned except when positively actuated by means of one of the saidlevers.

A lever S has one end thereof pivoted to the supporting plate 0, and itsopposite end extending toward the opposite end of said plate, andpivoted intermediate this lever is an upwardly extending spring actuatedpawl T, which engages the peripheral ratchet teeth I), of the powerwheel G.

A leverfhas its upper end pivotally connected with the frame of thetype-writer, and its lower end is held in operative engagement with oneof the downwardly extending ends f, of the carriage J. A swingingprojection e" is attached to this lever intermediate its ends, and thisswinging projection e is engaged by downward extending arms 6 and e ofthe adjustable operating device d. This device d is longitudinallyadjustable upon the type-Writer carriage by means of a longitudinal slot1)", through which the screw f which holds the pointer of thetype-writer carriage, passes.

The lower end of the lever f, is connected with the carriage J, by meansof an outwardly extending pin G from one of the depending arms f whichextendinto an opening formed in the low er end of the said lever. Bymeans of this construction, this lever f, can be attached to either ofthe depending arms f, by simply springing it outward sufficiently forthat purpose, as shown in Fig. 2, the same being detached from one armand attached to the other, for a purpose to be described farthcron.

The lever S which actuates the universal power wheel is connected withthe key levers h of the type-writer which represents the figure thereof,by means of the connection 9, so that when one of the key levers H isdepressed the lever Sis carried down with it, and by the engagement ofthe pawl T with the periphery of the power wheel, the said wheel isrevolved for the purpose of revolving one of the numeral wheels, as willappear presently.

A stop lever U has one end pivoted preferably on the same pivotal pointas the actuating lever S, and this stop lever is provided with a teeth8', which when depressed en" gages the periphery of the power wheel forthe purpose of stopping it when it has revolved the proper distance torevolve the nu meral wheels the proper number of cogs to correspond withthe number which the key lever represents, and also to prevent the saiduniversal wheel from overthrowing on account of the movement given itwhen the key lever is struck with a quick blow. This is effected byproviding the key levers S and U, with outwardly extending pins 7t, 7t,and providing the connecting rod V with longitudinal slots '1', The rodVat the right hand end of figures 1 and 3, is the connection whichconnects the keyleverrepresenting 9,with theadding mechanism. It will benoticed that this right hand connection V has the upper wall of itslongitudinal slotj,normallyin engagement with the pin 7t, which moves insaid slot. The objectof thisis that when the key lever representing 9,is depressed the lever S is carried down its greatest distance, so thatthe power wheel G is revolved the greatest distance, and by contact ofits cog a, with one of the numeral wheels, the said numeral wheel islikewise revolved 9. The downward movement of this connection, andlikewise all the other connections, is represented by the length of theslots '5, in their upper ends. From this it will be seen that when, forinstance, the connection at the right hand end of figure 3, is depressedand which is connected as before stated, with the key lever representingfigure 9,the said connection moves downward the distance necessary torevolve one or" the numeral wheels eight; cogs before the upper wall ofthis longitudinal slot 1' engages its pin 7;, which extends outward fromthe lever U. Then as it is carried on down sufficiently to carry thewheel one cog farther the lever U is carried down with it, andconsequently thepawl thereof is caused to engage the peripheral ratchetteeth of the power wheel, and therefore prevent the said power wheelfrom overthrowing, as before stated.

Attention is directed to the succeeding connections, from which it willbe seen that each succeeding connection has the upper wall of its lowerslot j, farther from its pin so that when for instance, the key leverrepresenting the figure 8, is depressed and which is the one just at theleft of the right hand connection, the said connect-ion moves downwardwith the key lever sulficiently far to represent one cog before theconnection engages the lever S carrying it on down. Owing to this fact,although the key lever which represents 8, travels down as far as thekey lever which represents the figure 9, the lever S only travelssufliciently far to revolve through the medium of the power wheel thenumber wheel eight cogs. Thisis continued throughout the connections insuccession toward the left of the mechanism, so that each connectiondesiigo presses the lever S less than the preceding I r rthe connectionsas will be readily understood, for all of the connections travel thesame distance downward, with the key lever, but the distance which theuniversal wheel revolves is regulated by the downward movement of thelever S, and the downward movement of the lever S is in turn regulatedby the distance of the upper wall of the lower slot j,

from their pins In, as will be clearly understood.

In operation the carriage J which carries the numeral wheels travelsacross the face of the power wheel G. This is caused by the arms e 6which engage the projection e", as the carriage moves across thetype-writer the arm e carrying the numeral carriage from right to left,and the arm 6 carrying it in the opposite direction by engagement withthe projection 6''. hen the carriage of the typewriter is in theposition shown in Fig. 1, the arm 6 is in engagement with the projectione", and therefore the adding mechanism has been moved to the right asthere shown. In this position when abill is being made out for instance,the operator begins by writing the articles which are charged upon thebill, and after-this is written, if the paper carriage has not traveledfar enough to bring the arm e in engagement with the projection e" thespace key lever of the type writer is struck until the arm 6 is inengagement with this projection. At this point the paper upon the typewriter carriage will have the billions column at the printing point, andthe left hand wheel of the numeral carriage in contact with the righthand side of the power wheel to be revolved by engaging with the cog onthe face thereof. This left hand numeral wheel represents the billionscolumn. The operator having first determined upon what part of the paperhe wishes the billions column to begin, or the millions or thou sandscolumn as the case may be, the device 01, is moved upon the carriage ofthe type writer, so that the proper numeral wheel of the addingmechanism will be in engagement with the cog a, of the power wheel, andthe arm 6 in engagement with the projection upon the lever f. Thisadjustment having been made, it will be clear that, for instance, if thekey lever representing 5 is struck, the power wheel is revolved throughthe medium of lever S and pawl T, and as before stated is revolvedsufficiently to carry the millions or thousands numeral wheel five cogsaccording to which it is inengagement with, as will be understood fromthe previous description. The next succeeding figure, whatever that maybe is struck, and the carriage having moved when the first figure wasstruck, the adding mechanism will likewise move, so that the nextnumeral wheel is in contact with the power wheel to be revolved. This iscontinued throughout the entire printing of the amount and when the billis printed the total of all the amount printed will ap-' pear upon thefaces of the numeral wheels in a horizontal line through the slot formedin the indicator plate t'". The adding mechanism is set at zero wheneverdesired, by revolving the nut Q, attached to the shaft L, in the samedirection in which the numeral wheel revolves, so that as the shaftrevolves the dogs 0' engages the longitudinal notch e in the said shaft,thus revolving all the wheels together, so that they can be carriedaround to zero through the indicator plate, as will be readilyunderstood, while at the same time the pawl 10 allows the numeral Wheelsto freelyrevolve in the direction for adding.'

The adding mechanism is made to travel faster than the carriage of thetype writer owing to the fact that the intermediate operatin g device d,engages the lever f, between its ends. .7 Owing to this fact it will beseen that the lower end of the lever f travels considerably farther thanthe point thereof to which is attached the fixed projection e". Theincreased movement of the adding mechanism as compared with the movementof the type writer carriage can be regulated according to the positionof the swinging projection e, upon the lever f, as will be clearlyunderstood.

Each of the numeral wheels is provided with thirty cogs, each of whichcontains a numeral, and each wheel is divided into three sections,corresponding to the projections N on the disk M. Each section isnumbered from v1 to O inclusive, and represents ten. lVhen the unitnumeral Wheel is turned ten cogs, one of the projections N of the diskM, will engage the adjacent lever q, (when adding) and gradually forceit outward against the tension of the spring a. When the projection hasreached the shoulder A upon the lever q, the lever is drawnrinward bythe spring a, the said projection dropping behind the shoulders, and thepawl 3 carried by said lever forces the next numeral wheel whichrepresents tens, one notch. This operation is continued throughout theentire train of numeral wheels, so that when any one of the.

said numeral wheels have revolved one-third around, the next succeedingnumeral wheel is turned one notch to record the ten numbers registeredby the preceding numeral wheel. This is the principle of all addingmachines and to which I make no claim. It is the construction wherebythis principle is carried out which-forms a part of my presentinvention.

When the mechanism is used for subtracting, it is necessary to revolvethe numeral wheels in the opposite direction from the revolution giventhem when the mechanism is used for adding. When the mechanism is usedfor subtracting, the carriageJ is moved to the left until the left handnumeral Wheel thereof engages the cogs at the left hand side of thepower wheel G. The lower end of the leverf, is then detached from theleft hand end of the carriage J and attached to the opposite end of thesaid carriage, which will in relation to the numeral wheel, while at thesame time it permits the lever 19, to move inward in operative positionin respect to the said wheels. In this position when the power wheel Gis caused to revolve in the manner hereinbefore set forth, the numeralwheels when they are brought into mesh with the cogsa, of the wheel Gare caused to revolve in the opposite direction from that when themachine is being used for adding, as will be clearly understood, and theleverp, will operate to move the succeeding numeral wheel in the samemanner as the levers g, do when the machine is operating for the purposeof addin".

when it is desired to throw the adding mechanism out of operation, sothat the type writer can be used independent thereof for writingletters, and other matter, the swinging projection e is thrown up ordown so that the arms 6 and c will not engage it, and the addingcarriage is moved to the right sufliciently far to carry the left handnumeral wheel thereof out of mesh with the cogs upon the face of thepower wheel G. In this position-l the typewriter can be used forprinting without eifecting the adding mechanism in any respect.

I here show the numeral wheels sufficiently large to be dividedintothree sections of ten cogs each, for the purpose of gaining leveragein revolving the same. However it will be understood that these wheelscan be made one-third smaller and contain only ten cogs, and theoperation of the invention be just the same, except that thelevers q and19, will only be operated to turn the succeeding wheel when a numeralwheel has made a complete revolution.

While I have described the adding mechanism as especially adapted to beused in connection with type Writing machines, I do not desire to limitmyself to this particular application, for the reason that theimprovements in the adding mechanism can be used for adding without anyconnection with a typewriting machine, by simply having a separate feedmechanism for the adding carriage.

When used in connection with a typewriting machine, it will be noticedthat the adding mechanism is moved along by the carriage feed mechanismof the typewriter to which it is applied.

iVhile I have described my adding and subtracting mechanism asespecially adapted to be used in connection with typewriters of theRemington style, I do not desire to limit myself to such use, for thesame by a slight modification which will be readily understood, can beapplied to nearly or all styles of typewriters which have keys for ope'ating the printing mechanism. So also I do not wish to limit myself tothe particular position of my adding mechanism in respect to the keyboard and to the carriage feed mechanism, for while I prefer that hereshown as the most convenient, the same could be varied by a slightmodification, as will be readily understood.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is V 1. The combination with a type writing machine,of a computing mechanism situated on a line drawn from the key board tothe type writer carriage, connections between the type writer keys andthe computing mechanism and an operating connection between the carriagefeed mechanism and the said computing mechanism.

2. The combination with a type writing machine, of a supporting platesecured to the inner side of the carriage frame between it and the keyboard and below the carriage, a computing mechanism supported by thesaid plate, connections between the type writer keys and the computingmechanism and an operating connection between the said carriage feedmechanism and the computing mechanism.

3. The combination with a typewriting machine, of a computing mechanismcomprising a carriage carrying numeral wheels, the said carriage movingin a horizontal line across the said typewriter between the key boardthereof and the carriage feed mechanism, and a register actuating Wheeloperated by the keys across which the said computing mechanism moves,and an operating connection between the carriage feed mechanism of thetypewriter and the computing mechanism for moving the latter across thesaid register actuating wheel.

4. The combination with a type writing ma chine, of a computingmechanism comprising a register actuating wheel situated between the keyboard and carriage feed mechanism of the type-writer, a computingcarriage carrying numeral wheels situated between said registeractuating wheel and the key board, actuating connections between saidwheel and the key board, and an operating connec tion between thecarriage feed mechanism and the computing carriage.

5. The combination with a type-writing iIltl chine, of a computingmechanism having an upright carriage supported on a line drawn from thekey board to the type writer carriage and carrying numeral wheels,connections between the computing mechanism and the type writer keys,and an operating connection between the typewriter carriage feedmechanism and the said upright carriage.

6. The combination with a type writing machine of the Remington type, ofa computing of the type'writer and the computing carriage, 4

and operating connections between the type writer keys and the saidupright wheel.

7. The combination with a typewriting machine, of a computing mechanismcomprising a registering actuating wheel having its face parallel withthe travel of the carriage of said machine, a computing carriagecarrying numeral wheels moving across the face of said registeractuating wheel, and the numeralwheels adapted to intermesh therewith,an operating connection between the key 1evers of the typewriter and thesaid register actuating wheel, and an operating connection between thecarriage feed mechanism of the typewriter and the said computingcarriage.

8. The combination with a type writing machine, of a computing mechanismcomprising a carriage carrying numeral wheels, connections between thekeys of the type writer and the said numeral wheels, and a connectionbetween the type writer carriage and the computing carriage having an adjustmentlengthwise said carriages.

9.. The combination with a printing mechanism comprising a carriage, ofa'computing mechanism comprising a computing carriage carryingnumeralwheels,connections'between the key levers of the typewriter andthe numeral wheels of the computing carriage, and a speed increasingconnection between the carriage feed mechanism of the typewriter and thecomputing carriage, whereby the latter moves a greater distance than thesaid typewriter carriage for each impression made.

10. The combination with a printing mechanism comprising key levers anda carriage, of a computing mechanism comprising a register actuatingwheel, and the computing carriage carrying numeral wheels both situatedinside of the key levers of the typewriting machine,an operatingconnection between the key levers and the register actuating wheel, aregister actuating wheel stop, and a connection between the typewriterkey levers and the said register actuating wheel stop.

11. The combination with a printing mechanism, comprising key levers anda carriage feed, of a computing mechanism situated between the key boardand the carriage feed mechanism, a movable connection between thecarriage feed mechanism and the said computing carriage, whereby thesame can be thrown out of operative connection with the said printingcarriage mechanism.

12. A computing mechanism comprising a register actuating wheel havingcogs on its face, a computing carriage supported in a line with andtraveling across said wheel and carrying numeral wheels, the numeralwheels adapted to mesh with the said cogs of the register actuatingwheel, key levers, operating connections between the key levers and thesaid actuating wheel, and a feed mechanism for the computing carriage.

13. A computing mechanism comprising a register actuating wheel havingcogs upon the edge of its face, key levers and connections between thesame and the said wheel,'a

' computing carriage carrying numeral wheels which move across the faceof the register actuating wheel, and of a length less than the distanceacross the face of the said wheel, whereby the actuating wheel can bemade to operate the numeral wheels in oppos te d1- rections by bringingthem in contact with opposite sides of the said actuating wheel, and afeed mechanism for the computing carr age.

14,. A computing mechanism comprising a register actuating wheel havingcogs upon its face, key levers operatively connected wlt-h said wheel, acomputing carriage carrymg numeral wheels, the said carriage adapted tomove across the face of the said register actuating wheel to cause thenumeral wheel to,

engage opposite edges'of the register actuatingwheel for adding orsubtracting, two sets of levers for each set of numeral Wheels, saidlevers carrying pawls engaging the succeeding numeral wheel andshoulders carried by the said numeral wheels for engaging the saidlevers, and a means for throwing one set of levers out of contact withthe numeral wheels and permitting the other set to come in contacttherewith, whereby the mechanism is adapted for subtracting and adding15. A computing mechanism comprising a register actuating wheel havingcogs upon its face, a computing carriage having numeral wheels, a feedmechanism for moving the said computing carriage across the face of theregister actuating wheel, key levers, connections between the key leversand the register actuating wheel, a lever for each numeral wheelcarrying a shoulder, a pawl upon said lever for engaging the succeedingnumeral wheel, a spring for holding the lever toward the axes of thenumeral wheel and the shoulder upon the numeral wheel for engaging thesaid lever, the parts operating as described. 0

16. A computing mechanism comprlsing a register actuating wheel, acomputing carriage, having numeral wheels, a feed mechanism for movingthe same across the face of the said register actuating wheel, the saidnumeral wheels divided into three sections and each section numberedfrom 1 to 0, shoulders carried by the numerals for each section thereof,a lever pivoted atone end and having an intermediate shoulder engaged bythe shoulder upon the numeral wheels, a spring for holding the saidlever inward, and a dog carried by the opposite end of the said leveradapted to engage the succeeding numeral wheel, and connections betweenthe key levers and the register actuating wheel.

17. A computing mechanism comprising a register actuating wheel havingcogs upon its face, key levers, connections between the key levers andthe said register actuating wheel,

a computing carriage carrying numeral wheels, a feed mechanism formoving the same across the face of the said register actuating wheeLtwolevers for each numeral wheel,the said levers carrying intermediateshoulders, projections upon the said numeral wheels adapted to engagethe shoulders upon the said levers, springs uniting the said levers, anda cam for moving either of said levers out of operative connection withthe said numeral wheels.

18. A computing mechanism comprising a register actuating wheel havingcogs upon its face, key levers, connections between the key levers andthe register actuating wheel, the computing carriage carrying numeralwheels, a feed mechanism moving the said carriage across the face of theregister actuating wheel, two levers for each numeral wheel pivoted atone end and carrying pawls at their opposite ends,aspring uniting eachpair of levers,the said levers having intermediate shoulders,projections upon the numeral wheels adapted to engage the saidshoulders, a pawl upon each lever extending upward and normally insideof the said levers, and a cam adapted to engage first the pawl and thenthe lever, for forcing either out of operative connection with thenumeral wheel.

19. A computing mechanism comprising a register actuating wheel, acarriage carrying numeral wheels which move across the face of saidregister actuating wheel and engaging opposite sides thereof, a carryingdevice between the numeral wheels and operated thereby, and a means forthrowing the carrying device in operative connection with 0p positesides of the numeral wheels for the purpose of adding or subtractin Intestimony whereof I aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES DENNY DAUGIIERTY.

Witnesses:

D. B. HEINER, WM. BROWN.

